These teens can be grouped in 3 sections:
· Early teens, usually occurs at age 10-13 years.
· Mid teens, usually occurs at age 14-16 years
· Adolescent end, usually experienced at the age of 17-20 years or more.
Say usually, because this development could happen more quickly or more slowly.
Reproduction Equipment
In general, male reproductive system consists of:
· 2 testes / testicles in the scrotum
· 2 epididymis
· Spermatic cord 2
· 2 vesica seminal
· Ejaculatorius ductus 2
· 2 prostate
· 1 penis / penis
In general, female reproductive system consists of:
Ø genitalia externa:
· Mons pubis
· Labia major
· Labia minor
· Vestibulum
Ø internal genitalia:
· Vagina
· Rahim
· 2 tuba uterine
· Ovary
Ø mammary / breast
At the age of 6 years, the adrenal glands begin to produce androgens that are driving the armpit odor and hair growth in the genital area. But that does not mean at the age of 6 years had no smell armpits and genital hair, which is a hormone produced by the start of that drive it. Hair in genital area began to emerge at age 11-13 years. Followed by a hair in the armpits, mustache, and beard in men. Lutein hormone (LH) and FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) also increased dramatically until the mid teens. But these hormones do not affect anything.
At this early adolescence, their meteoric growth of the body begins to increase the sensitivity of the pituitary gland to GnRH (Gonadotropin-releasing hormone). Release of GnRH, LH, and FSH increased gonadal androgen and estrogen.
In women, the first sign of puberty is a prominent nipple enlargement, which occurs between the ages of 8-13 years. The first menses (menarche) usually occurs after 2-2 ½ years (normal range 9-16 years). Before menses, occurs egg maturation (ova). If not fertilized by sperm, the egg will be released along with some of the uterine wall entirely, this is what we know with menses. Nipple enlargement, egg maturation, and this period is driven by hormones LH, FSH, estrogen, and progesterone. The timing of the first menses varies between individuals. This is influenced by genetic factors, fat, level of nutrition, chronic disease, and sports.
The first menses sometimes cause confusion and anxiety for young women. Sometimes they also feel ashamed for having changed from the children into a girl. Assistance and an explanation of parents or teachers needed here.
Significant changes also occurred in the female reproductive organs which occur enlarged ovaries, uterus, labia, and clitoris; thickening of the endometrial lining of the uterus and the vaginal mucosa, and increased vaginal glycogen. Glycogen is the vagina is one of the factors that facilitate the occurrence of infection in the vagina because it is a good medium for bacteria growth.
Table 1. Classification of Sexual Maturity in Young Women
Age
Pubic hair
Breasts
8-9 years (SMR 1)
Preteens
Preteens
10-12 years (SMR 2)
Rarely, smooth, thin, lightly pigmented, straight, in the middle of the labia
Breast and papilla rises slightly, the diameter of the nipple (areola) increases
13-14 years
(SMR 3)
More black, started clubs, plus many
Breast and areola increases, there is no contour
15-16 years
(SMR 4)
Coarse, curly, many, but still lack many of the adults
Areola and papilla form like bumps
? 17 years (SMR 5)
Like adults, triangular genital area, spread to the middle of the thigh
Mature, design nipple, areola into the contour
SMR = Sexual maturity rating
From Tanner JM: Growth at Adolescence, 2nd ed. Oxford, England.
In men, enlargement of testicles began to happen at the age of 9 ½ years. Left testicles are usually lower than the right. This is normal. If that happens on the other hand, it is a disorder that is likely misplaced or called inversus site. Penis enlargement and elongation occurs from the age of 10 years. Normal adult penis size at 10-20 cm in erection. Generally the average Asian penis size 10-16 cm. This penis size variations due to genetic factors, nutrition levels, and fat. Generally fat penis shorter. This happens because some dick rod covered by a layer of fat surrounding areas. It should be noted in young men who did not disirkumsisi / circumcision, whether there phymosis, preputium / narrow foreskin, and clean. Phymosis is difficult to pull back so that preputium can not look head / glans penis. This can happen because the accumulation of dirt or due to smegma a narrow preputium. Circumcision performed in addition to the religious social indications, the medical world, is also indicated for phymosis, paraphymosis, preputium narrow, and increase hygiene. If there is no problem and can take care of cleanliness, then circumcision is not necessary. Circumcision and penis size does not affect the quality of sexual relations.
Breast enlargement can also occur in 40-65% of the teenage boy from the effects of excess estrogen stimulation. This enlargement is normal, but may cause embarrassment to the teens. Breast enlargement is less than 4 cm, 90% will shrink itself in 3 years. Enlargement of more than 4 cm in men, may require hormonal treatment and surgery.
The development of man reached its peak 2-3 years later than women, but still continued until approximately 2-3 years after the young women stop growing. Rapid enlargement of the larynx (throat), pharynx (throat), and pulmonary causes changes in the adolescent male voice. Adrenal androgen production stimulates the sweat glands that cause excessive acne.
Interest in matters relating to sex also increases in adolescence. Ejaculation for the first time (spermache) occurs at this stage, either through masturbation or spontaneously through a wet dream. This is sometimes also caused disquiet in some teenage boys who ill-informed, sometimes they suspected discharge is due to infection. Ejaculation is the exit of sperm from the penis accompanied by a certain pleasure stimuli. Discharge is semen, not pus or infection.
Table 2. Classification of Sexual Maturity in Young Men
Age
Pubic hair
Penis
Testis
8-9 years
(SMR 1)
Nothing
Preteens
Preteens
10-12 years (SMR 2)
A little, long, light pigmentation
Mild enlargement
Enlargement of the scrotum; pink, the texture changes
13-14 years (SMR 3)
More black, began to curl, a little
Lengthwise
Enlarge
15-16 years (SMR 4)
Resembles the adult, much less, coarse, curly
Glans enlarged and increased in size
Enlarged, black scrotum
? 17 years
(SMR 5)
As an adult distribution, spreading to the middle of the thigh
Adult Size
Adult Size
SMR = Sexual maturity rating
From Tanner JM: Growth at Adolescence, 2nd ed. Oxford, England.
The existence of same-sex attraction in adolescence is normal and does not indicate a homosexual orientation. This happens because the search occurred adolescence identity.
Organ maturation and sexual development of adolescents has reached 95% at age 17-18 years.
Table 3. Central issues on Adolescent Reproductive Early, Middle, and End
Variable
Early adolescents
Middle adolescents
Late teens
Age
10-13 years
14-16 years
17-20 years or more
SMR
1-2
3-5
5
Somatic
Development of secondary sex emerged; started the rapid growth; felt himself strangely
Peak growth; changes in body shape and composition; acne and body odor; first menses; spermache
Growth slowed
Sexual
Sexual attraction is usually beyond sexual activity
Sexual tempestuous; sexual experimentation; ask about sexual orientation
Consolidation of sexual orientation
From Richard EB: Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, 17th ed. Saunders, USA.
Hopefully with this article are not confused teens live longer in the changes in him.
References:
Cunningham FG et al: Williams Obstetrics, 22nd ed. McGraw Hill, 2005
Richard EB et al: Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, 17th ed. Saunders, 2004
Sheerwood, L.: Human Physiology from Cell to Systems, 5th ed. Thomson, 2004
Smith, Tony: First Aid Doctor in Your House. Torch, 2001
