One of the most common complaint by most women is pain during menstruation (dismenorrhea). Actual pain during menstruation is a normal experienced by every woman, but what distinguishes it is if it is disturbing activities and daily life.
Pain during menstruation can be categorized into two, namely primary and secondary pain. Primary menstrual pain that is painful menstruation that is not associated with pathological abnormalities originating from organs in the pelvis and dalamnya.Nyeri can occur 2-3 years after the first period and reached its peak when she reaches the age of 15-25 years. Then the pain will decrease in intensity along with age and disappeared when women give birth naturally. This pain can be intermittent or permanent. Pain usually felt 24 hours before menstruation and ends 24-36 hours after menstruation stops. Pain is felt in the lower abdomen which can then be spread to the back or inner thigh. Other symptoms that can accompany such as nausea, vomiting, headache, anxiety, restlessness, diarrhea, fainting, and abdominal bloating.
Reading the above items would raise questions in your mind, "why pain can happen?". There are various theories that try to explain it. The closest theory is that states that just before menstruation a woman's body produces substances called prostaglandins. This substance has a function that one of them is to make the uterus contract and the surrounding blood vessels sandwiched (constriction) which led to ischemic tissue. The intensity of these contractions varies per individual, and if excessive will cause pain during menstruation. In addition prostaglandins also stimulate the pain nerves in the uterus that added intensity of pain. Prostaglandins are also working on the entire body, this explains why there are symptoms that accompany menstrual pain.
When menstrual pain comes when you are older than 20 years then this is entered in the second category is secondary menstrual pain, the pain associated with menstrual disorders originating from pelvic pain and organ didalamnya.Biasanya this happened 2 days or so before menstruation starts and will the pain intensified during menstruation, then disappeared 2 days or more after menstruation stops.
The abnormalities that can cause secondary menstrual pain, among others:
- Endometriosis
- Allen syndrome
- Mosters
- Pelvic congestion syndrome
- Ovarii cysts and tumors
- Pelvic infection disease
- Adenomyosis
- Myoma uteri
- Polypus uteri
- Asherman syndrome
- Congenital abnormalities
- Contraceptive intra uterin
- Stenosis and obstruction of the vagina
- Etc.
